To what extent have Standard Charges improved the practice of planning Literature review

To what extent set out Standard Charges im proved the recital of supply obligations in the United Kingdom - Literature review eventThe nearly common form of Standard Charge in relation to readiness is the, so called, roof-tax, which is a tariff imposed on breeding (Syms 2010, p.206). Despite the initial concerns regarding the role and the value of Standard Charges, it has been proved that the concomitant proposition measure could help towards the improvement of planning obligations in Britain. The ways in which the above butt end is achieved are analytically explained in this paper germ is made to the potential differentiation of Standard Charges from other, similar, approaches of planning obligations practice, such as the negotiated approach. 2. Critical review of planning obligations practice The framework of the planning obligations practice in Britain has been extensively examined in the literature the contribution of these obligations in community development has been considered as one of the most important causes of this phenomenon. However, the emphasis on the planning obligations practice has been also related to various political interests, as analytically explained below. ... In accordance with Ratcliffe et al (2009) in their initial form, planning obligations were considered as land-use/ amenity related gains and social/ economic related gains (Debenham et al. 1988 in Ratcliffe et al. 2009, p. 16). Another characteristic of planning obligations system in Britain is that the specific system is based upon negotiation and bargaining (Ratcliffe et al 2009, p.16). It is assumed that planning obligations system is not richly standardized, but it can be rather transformed and customized in accordance with the needs of each particular case. In this context, flexibility is an additional characteristic of planning obligations system it is this characteristic, which can result to problems for the effective appendage of the specific system, a gap that is covered through Standard Charges, as they are analytically explained below. The planning obligations practice in Britain has to address a series of issues, the most important of which is the demand for increase of development across the country. In a report published by the House of Commons in 2006 reference is made to the need for urban development in the greater London area (House of Commons, 2006, p.198) furthermore, it is explained that the planning obligations practice could help the efforts of the London borough and the Councils of the surrounding boroughs also to support land development across London so that the housing needs of the local population to be covered. In the above context, it is made clear that the planning obligations system in London should ensure that increases in value are captured and used to support stem investment to maximize capacity and sustainability (House of Commons 2006, p.198).